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November
Summary
On November 22, 2006, at about 2:45 am, a violent explosion at the CAI/Arnel manufacturing facility rocked the town of Danvers, MA. The explosion and subsequent fire destroyed the facility,
Summary
On November 22, 2006, at about 2:45 am, a violent explosion at the CAI/Arnel manufacturing facility rocked the town of Danvers, MA. The explosion and subsequent fire destroyed the facility, heavily damaged dozens of nearby homes and businesses, and shattered windows as far away as two miles. At least 10 residents required hospital treatment for cuts and bruises. Twenty-four homes and six businesses were damaged beyond repair. Dozens of boats at the nearby marina were heavily damaged by blast overpressure and debris strikes.
The fire department ordered the evacuation of more than 300 residents within a half-mile radius of the facility. Numerous residents could not return for many months while they waited for their houses to be rebuilt or repaired. Seventeen months after the explosion, six homes had yet to be reoccupied as repairs were not complete..
KEY ISSUES:
• SAFE HANDLING OF FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS
• FIRE CODE COMPLIANCE & ENFORCEMENT
• STATE & LOCAL GOVERNMENT HAZARDOUS FACILITY LICENSING
ROOT CAUSES:
1. CAI management did not conduct a process hazards analysis or similar systematic review of processes involving hazardous materials.
2. CAI management did not use written procedures or checklists to facilitate safe process operations.
Image credit: CSB
January
Summary
On January 7, 1998, two explosions in rapid succession destroyed the Sierra Chemical Company Kean Canyon plant near Mustang, Nevada, killing four workers and injuring six others. The Kean Canyon plant
Summary
On January 7, 1998, two explosions in rapid succession destroyed the Sierra Chemical Company Kean Canyon plant near Mustang, Nevada, killing four workers and injuring six others.
The Kean Canyon plant manufactured explosive boosters for the mining industry. When initiated by a blasting cap or detonation cord, boosters provide the added energy necessary to detonate less sensitive blasting agents or other high explosives. The boosters manufactured at the Kean Canyon plant consisted of a base mix and a second explosive mix, called Pentolite, both of which were poured into cardboard cylinders. The primary explosives used in the base mix were TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene), PETN (pentaerythritol tetranitrate), and Comp-B, a mixture of TNT and RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine). The Pentolite is a mix of TNT and PETN.
KEY ISSUES:
• PROCESS SAFETY MANAGEMENT
• WORKER TRAINING
• PROCESS HAZARD ANALYSIS
• LANGUAGE BARRIERS
ROOT CAUSES:
1. Process hazard analysis (PHA) conducted by the facility was inadequate.
2. Training programs for facility personnel were inadequate.
3. Written operating procedures were inadequate or not available to workers.
4. The facility was built with insufficient separation distances between different operations and the design and construction of buildings was inadequate.
5. There was no systematic safety inspection or auditing program.
6. The employee participation program was inadequate.
Image Credit: CSB
